ISSUES POSITION PAPER

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Maria Recchia
Bay of Fundy Fisheries Council
Box 167
St. Andrews, New Brunswick
EOG 2XO

 

Position Paper for Eco-knowledge Workshop

 

I have been working for fishers' associations for the past couple of years. During which time I have help collect and document local fishers' knowledge of the marine ecosystem. Much if not most of the work is motivated by local management issues, often in an attempt to right an injustice. Our recent work has focused on identification of local fish stocks, issues of pollution, and the recognition of nonconservative fishing practices such as dumping and discarding. Our biggest problem is getting local knowledge documented in a form which can be used in management decision-making. Below are some of my opinions, ideas, and concerns. Attached please find a description of the Bay of Fundy Fisheries Council, the organization I am currently working with.

  • Fishers' knowledge belongs to the fishers and their communities. Its documentation should be directed by the fishers. Its results should remain in the possession of the fishers and used by them.
  • One good usage of eco-knowledge is to point out problems with management or accepted/used scientific theories. Once eco-knowledge is documented and reveals a management problem or contradicts an accepted scientific norm, a scientific study should be carried out to test the fishers hypotheses. This type of research has been done many times in the past, however; the scientific research is generally conducted by government scientists with the fishers playing a minimal role. For example, the fishers may be asked to collect extensive data but are almost never involved in the research design.
  • In my opinion fisheries science needs to focus more on basic biology and ecology and less on quantitative predicting. I find fishers' knowledge to be very compatible with biology and ecology, (i.e., fish migration patterns, spawning behavior, predator prey relationships, effects of environmental factors on an ecosystem, etc.) and less compatible with quantitative stock assessment, for example. It is imperative that government science become more interested in basic biological and ecological questions. There is real lack of biological understanding in fisheries science. This, I believe, is a root cause of the frequent failures of stock assessment.
  • Respected and experienced fishers should be afforded the same level of credibility as established scientists both in relationships between fishers and scientists and in the eyes of the public/government.

 

Bay of Fundy Fisheries Council

1. Mission Statement

The mission of the BAY OF FUNDY FISHERIES COUNCIL is to implement and establish fisheries management in the Bay of Fundy according to the following principles:

  • That the Bay of Fundy fisheries must be managed so as to ensure the sustainability of the fisheries in the Bay of Fundy ecosystem as a whole.
  • That the fishermen in their communities have the primary role in the stewardship and management of the resource.
  • That the organization will be geographically based and driven by democratic, transparent, trustworthy decision-making processes and structures.

 

2. Objectives

The objectives of the BAY OF FUNDY FISHERIES COUNCIL are to:

  • develop and implement a comprehensive ecosystem plan to be applied to the Bay of Fundy fisheries, with a primary focus on spawning and nursery areas, food species and habitat.
  • encourage participation by all Bay of Fundy fisheries.
  • support local management boards and resolve overlapping fisheries management issues.
  • act as an advocate for the Bay of Fundy ecosystem and fisheries.
  • develop a research agenda, coordinate knowledge on Bay of Fundy fisheries and ecosystem and foster two way interaction with the research. community.

 

3. Terms of Reference

  • Board of Directors: The Board of Directors will be made up of one representative of each Bay of Fundy fishermen's organization which adheres to the guiding principles and meets the following criteria:
    • is an incorporated, non-profit fishermen's association-,
    • represents the majority of fishermen or harvesters in a specific geographical area of the Bay of Fundy or in a fleet sector operating in the Bay; 6 other criteria to be identified by the Board.
  • Decision Making: The Board will operate on the basis of consensus. Where consensus cannot be reached the issue will be forwarded to the Advisory Committee for a recommendation. Advisory Committee recommendations must be ratified by a 2/3 majority vote of the Board.
  • Executive: The Executive Committee will be elected by the Board.
  • Advisory Committee: The Board will appoint an Advisory Committee to:
    • advise the Board from an ecological perspective;
    • ensure that the Board and its members adhere to ecological principles;
  • provide the Board with a non-voting chairperson for each meeting; other roles as determined by the Board-
  • Observer Status: Board meetings will be public and open to observers.