Transfert de 2-D en
3-D des contraintes géométriques de l'Opus 84 de Hans
Hinterreiter (M.Sc.A.
Université
de Montréal, 1997)
Extrait du sommaire: Le parallèle entre les structures
des mondes 2-D et 3-D est un concept qui a depuis longtemps été
pris pour acquis. La question peut se poser, pourtant, sur la façon
dont cela se traduit dans le monde pratique, particulièrement
dans le domaine de la conception formelle. En effet, quelle forme
pourront rendre le ou les objets 3-D régis par les mêmes
relations dans l’espace qu’obéit un objet 2-D dans son propre
environnement...
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Life after Escher:
a (young) artist's journey (in
M.C.Escher's Legacy, A Centennial Celebration, Emmer, M. and
Schattschneider, D., Editors, Springer-Verlag,
Heidelberg, 2002)
Book description: "One of the most popular artists of the
20th century, M. C. Escher, leaves a rich legacy. The centennial
celebration of his birth, held in Rome and Ravello in 1998, gave
testimony to the keen interest and new insight into his work, and
showcased a number of contemporary artists and scientists whose
work is directly inspired by that of Escher.
This book contains 40 of their articles, richly illustrated with
original art works in addition to well-known and little-known works
by Escher. A CD-ROM complements the articles, containing color illustrations
of work by contemporary artists, movies, animations, and other demonstrations."
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Developing a Procedure
to Transfer Geometrical Constraints from the Plane into Space
(Journal
for Geometry and Graphics, 1998)
Abstract: Topology teaches us that the two dimensional plane
and three dimensional space have a comparable structure. In fact,
this apparent parallel is deeply rooted in our consciousness and
is applied in many domains, including various fields in the design
industry, through the use of such tools as descriptive geometry
and perspective drawing. From the particular point of view of the
designer, however, this parallel in structure has often been simplified
to plans, sections and elevations i.e. 2-D slices through a 3-D
object. It has therefore not been an integral part of the design
process, but rather a tool of representation of the design process.
In the following paper, the relationship between plane and space
will be explored as a design element. The question will be answered
whether it is possible, starting with a 2-dimensional system of
design parameters, to construct a 3-dimensional object based on
the spatial equivalents of the initial parameters. To illustrate
this process, the painting of Hans Hinterreiter (1902-1992), a Swiss
Concrete painter, will be re-interpreted in space.
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Barn-Raising an Endo-Pentakis-Icosi-Dodecahedron
(with Simon Morgan, Bridges
Conference Proceedings, 1999)
Abstract: The workshop is planned as the raising of an endo-pentakis-icosi-dodecahedron
with a 1 meter edge length. This collective experience will give
the participants new insights about polyhedra in general, and deltahedra
in particular. The specific method of construction applied here,
using kite technology and the snowflake layout allows for a perspective
entirely different from that found in the construction of hand-held
models or the observation of computer animations. In the present
case, the participants will be able to pace the area of the flat
shape and physically enter the space defined by the polyhedron.
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From the circle to the
icosahedron (Bridges
Conference Proceedings, 2000)
Abstract: The following exercise is based on experiments
conducted in circular Origami. This type of paper folding allows
for a completely different geometry than the square type since it
lends itself very easily to the creation of shapes based on 30-60-90
degree angles. This allows for experimentation with shapes made
up of equilateral triangles such as deltahedra. The results of this
research were used in Annenberg sponsored activities conducted in
a progressive middle school in Houston TX, as well as a workshop
presented at the 1999 Bridges Conference in Winfield, KS. Not including
preparatory and follow up work by the teacher, the activities in
Houston were composed of two main parts, the collaborative construction
of a three-yard-across, eighty-faced regular deltahedron (the Endo-Pentakis
Icosi-dodecahedron) and the following exercise. The barn-raising
was presented last year in Winfield, and the paper folding is the
topic of this paper.
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Polyhedra, Learning
by Building: Design and Use of a Math-Ed. Tool (with
Simon Morgan, Bridges
Conference Proceedings, 2000)
Abstract: This is a preliminary report on design features
of large,light-weight,modular equilateral triangles and classroom
activities developed for using them.They facilitate the fast teaching
of three dimensional geometry together with basic math skills,and
create a lasting motivational impact on low achievers and their
subsequent performance in math and science.
In directed discovery activities,lasting from 20 to 90 minutes,large
models of basic polyhedra are made, enabling their properties to
be explored.Faces,edges and vertices can all be counted and tabulated,providing
opportunities to see number patterns and inter-relationships,to
plot graphs,to extract algebraic relationships and to look for proofs
of those relationships.These building activities can be kept central,under
the teacher ’s control for large classes with limited time,or building
can be split out into groups of children where co-operative problem
solving skills are also developed.
In interviews,children have stressed the effectiveness of learning
by building the shapes themselves.In classroom activities,it is
clear to see that these triangles make children excited.Learning
by building gives a concrete,active,authentic and personal experience
of mathematics to children and teachers enabling them to feel the
full excitement of the subject.
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Decomposing Deltahedra
(ISAMA
Conference Proceedings, 2000)
Abstract: Deltahedra are polyhedra with all equilateral
triangular faces of the same size. We consider a class of we will
call 'regular' deltahedra which possess the icosahedral rotational
symmetry group and have either six or five triangles meeting at
each vertex. Some, but not all of this class can be generated using
operations of subdivision, stellation and truncation on the platonic
solids. We develop a method of generating and classifying all deltahedra
in this class using the idea of a generating vector on a triangular
grid that is made into the net of the deltahedron.
We observed and proved a geometric property of the length of these
generating vectors and the surface area of the corresponding deltahedra.
A consequence of this is that all deltahedra in our class have an
integer multiple of 20 faces, starting with the icosahedron which
has the minimum of 20 faces.
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Circular Origami: a
Survey of Recent Results (Origami3,
AK
Peters Publishers, 2002)
Book description: "The book contains papers from the proceedings
of the 3rd International Meeting of Origami Science, Math, and Education,
sponsored by OrigamiUSA. They cover topics ranging from the mathematics
of origami using polygon constructions and geometric projections,
applications, and science of origami, and the use of origami in
education."
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From a Subdivided Tetrahedron
to the Dodecahedron: Exploring Regular Colorings (Bridges
Conference Proceedings, 2002)
Abstract: The following paper recounts the stages of a stroll
through symmetry relationships between the regular tetrahedron whose
faces were subdivided into symmetrical kites and the regular dodecahedron.
I will use transformations such as stretching edges and faces and
splitting vertices. The simplest non-adjacent regular coloring ,
which illustrates inherent symmetry properties of regular solids,
will help to keep track of the transformations and reveal underlying
relationships between the polyhedra. In the conclusion, we will
make observations about the handedness of the various stages, and
discuss the possibility of applying the process to other regular
polyhedra.
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Preliminary Field Explorations
in K-6 Math-Ed: the Giant Triangles as Classroom Manipulatives
(with Simon Morgan, Bridges
Conference Proceedings, 2002)
Abstract: The present paper reports on children's investigations
using the giant equilateral triangles from the Geraldine Project.
It took place at the De Zavala Elementary School as the initial
stage of a project in mathematics education. The triangles are a
part of a modular construction kit made using kite technology. Their
size, sturdiness and light weight make them ideal for in-class activities
with children of all ages and stages of development.
The school is located in a low socio-economic hispanic neighbourhood
consisting of blue-collar families living in apartments and rental
houses as well as small businesses and industries. Most of the students
at the school are recent immigrants from Mexico or Central America
or first generation born to immigrant families. Their parents have
little or no education and are forced to work on jobs that entail
long hours, frequently into the evening or night. This situation
makes it difficult for parents to provide their children with appropriate
support as students.
At this stage, the structure of the activities that make up lessons
emerged from the response of the children as the activities were
tried. This approach, despite its unplanned nature, allowed for
the introduction of much mathematical content, and the attention
of the children was relatively easy to catch and hold. The activities
successfully combined the play aspect of the giant triangles with
the mathematical concept explorations that the instructors overlayed.
In some cases the children were allowed to build their own shapes,
which were then examined with them. The outcome of these trial activities
was then used as a basis for lesson planning in later stages of
the pilot project.
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Finding the Dual of
the Tetrahedral-Octahedral Space Filler, an Excursion through Geometry
and Crystallography
(with Simon Morgan, Bridges
Conference Proceedings, 2003)
Abstract: The goal of this paper is to illustrate how octahedra
and tetrahedra pack together to fill space, and to identify and
visualize the dual to this packing. First, we examine a progression
of 2-D and 3-D space-filling packings that relate the tetrahedral-octahedral
space-filling packing to the packing of 2-D space by squares. The
process will use a combination of stretching, truncation and 2-D
to 3-D topological correspondence. Through slicing, we will also
relate certain stages of the process back to simple 2-D packings
such as the triangular grid and the 3,6,3,6 Archimedean tiling of
the plane. Second, we will illustrate the meaning of duality as
it relates to polygons, polyhedra and 2-D and 3-D packings. At a
later stage, we will reason out the dual packing of the tetrahedral-octahedral
packing. Finally, we will demonstrate that it is indeed a 3-D space
filler in its own right by showing different construction methods.
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Experiencing Research
Practice in Pure Mathematics in a Teacher Training Context.
(with Paul Ernest and Simon Morgan, Psychology
of Mathematics Education-23, Proceedings of the 23rd conference,
Bergen, Norway, 2004)
Abstract: This paper presents the early results of an experiment
involving a class of elementary student teachers within the context
of their mathematics preparation. The motivation of the exercise
centred on giving them an experience with mathematical research
a their own level and ascertaining its impact on their attitudes
and beliefs. The students spent the first month working on open-ended
geometrical topics. In the second month, working alone or in groups
of up to four, they chose one or more of these topics then worked
on a problem of their own design. The students spent the class time
developing their ideas using strategies such as generating examples
and non-examples, generalising, etc. Reference to books was not
accepted as a research tool, but the instruction team monitored
student progress and was available for questions.
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Discussing the Challenge
of Categorising Mathematical Knowledge in Mathematics Research Situations
(with Cécile Ouvrier-Buffet,
Fourth Congress of the European Society for Research in Mathematics
Education, 2005)
Abstract: Starting with a quotation describing mathematical
research, this paper presents the beginning of an imaginary dialogue
between a practicing mathematician and a didactician about ways
of providing students with adequate experiences in mathematical
research. The conversation begins with a discussion of the benefits
and implications for the students of such experiences, followed
by a more detailed discussion of what forms these experiences might
take, including two examples. Later, the didactical goals of the
experimented situations are elaborated from a more theoretical perspective.
The last section includes two proposed hierarchies of knowledge,
and concludes with an illustration of how one goes about fostering
these hierarchies of knowledge through an experience in mathematical
research.
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